Applied Scientific Research

Fear of death: everyday experience-based nurses ’observations in working with elderly and old patients ill with chronic cardiovascular diseases

Kristina Bulkina — 2024-10-22

Summary
Fear of death occurs when elderly and old patients (EOPs) are faced with life-threatening events
or extreme psychological stress. For most, anticipation of death triggers negative emotions such as
the fear of losing of oneself, helplessness, and a loss of control. Fear of death is one of the most
prevalent psychiatric consequences of chronic health conditions. Nurses face challenges in caring for
EOPs ill with chronic cardiovascular diseases (CCVDs) snd this is related to high emotional stress
and fatigue associated with constant monitoring of patients and managing their anxiety and fears.
Fear of death is a common concern among EOP with CCVDs. There is relatively little research that
examines the relationship between EOPs ’CCVDs and experienced fear of death phenomena from the
perspective of nurses. Research question, to which the answer was sought was ‘How do nurses de
scribe the symptoms, signs of fear of death among EOPs ’ill with CCVDs and how they recognise the
features of patients ’fear of death?’ A total of 15 nurses had participated in the study. Data were
collected by using semi-structured interviews. The manifest qualitative content analysis for data anal
ysis were applied. Findings revealed that the related emotional/psychological, physiological and be
havioural changes were observed by nurses and the characteristics for recognising the feeling of death
in patients were identified. Characteristics of EOPs ill with CCVDs and experiencing fear of death
are related to changes in emotions, behaviour and physical/physiological symptoms/signs that are
interrelated with their emotional state. The social, spiritual and creative needs of patients are intensi
fied while they experience fear of death.

BENDRUOMENĖS KŪRIMOSI SVARBA IR NAUDA GYVENAMOJOJE VIETOVĖJE: X MIESTO ATVEJIS

Rasa Pavarienė — 2024-11-26

Community building is an important macro and micro phenomenon. This means that
the community is economically important in terms of the state's financial resources, their
improvement, and growth. The micro-scale is extremely important when it comes to social factors
that affect every resident. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to analyze the importance and
benefits of community building in the case of X city.
The literature section provides insights into the benefits and importance of community building.
The concept of community building is analyzed. The study found that the importance and benefits of
community building in a residential area include three of the most important and beneficial factors:
economic, social, and health connections. During the research, it was revealed that in the presence
of a community, the economic factors of the residents became much higher: increasing the awareness
of new and small businesses, establishing long-term relationships, promoting business. Social
connections are another extremely important phenomenon, thanks to which communities are created.
Members of the community make new acquaintances more easily, it is easy for the settlers to get
involved in the activities of the community, it promotes the quality of life and safety. Health
connections and the interconnectedness of the benefits and importance of community building are
another population influencer. It is extremely significant in terms of health, due to the constantly held
competitions, which promote the active life of community members, and as a result, the quality of
health.

VIDAUS KONTROLĖS SISTEMOS EFEKTYVUMO VERTINIMAS

Rita Bužinskienė — 2024-12-02

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a company's internal control system. Evaluating the
effectiveness of internal controls is essential for ensuring organizational transparency, reliability, and competitiveness.
Continuous review and improvement of internal control systems are critical for enabling organizations to remain
competitive and adapt to evolving business environments. An effective internal control system is founded on well-defined
procedures, rules, and policies that support financial accountability, effective risk management, and regulatory
compliance. The findings of the survey indicate that, while a majority of employees are familiar with the concept of
internal control, only a minority actively engage in its implementation. Although the company has established clear roles
and responsibilities, there is a notable gap in employees' understanding of risk management and accountability.
Furthermore, while technological advancements have enhanced operational efficiency, some employees experience
difficulties in accessing critical information. Regular assessments of the internal control system are conducted; however,
employees are often not adequately informed about the outcomes of these assessments or the corrective measures
implemented to address identified deficiencies. To improve the effectiveness of the internal control system, greater
attention should be given to risk management practices and the communication of assessment results to employees.