DIVERSITY OF LITHUANIAN AND LATIN ANATOMICAL TERMS IN THE TEXBOOK “ŽMOGAUS ANATOMIJA. KAULAI. JUNGTYS”

Abstract

The Romans took  over Greek medical knowledge, translating and re-writing Greek books. The greatest Roman scholar was Celsius who is considered a founder of Latin medical terminology. The Latin language lacked the names for many medical notions, especially the terms for pathological conditions, which is why Celsius and others had to translate Greek terms into Latin, while simultaneously using Greek terms in the Greek form. This way the two-fold Latin-Greek medical terminology was founded. The Greek part of the terminology was  latinized.

Even long after the fall of the Roman Empire, Latin was still the language of communication. Medical terminology based on Latin and Greek has several  advantages:  it provides continuity between the past and the present as well as continuity inspace; Latin terminology is used all ove the world;  the grammatical system and vocabulary of Latin and Greek do not change, therefore;  modern terms are still based on these dead  languages;  it has a practical importance in Medicine – the patient does not  understand it and  cannot  draw  adequate conclusions (Bujalková, 2018).The object of the article is the relations between Lithuanian  and Latin one-word and compound anatomical terms. The purpose of the article is to reveal the similarities and differences between one-word and compound Englishand Latin anatomical terms by structureof components. To achieve the purpose, the following research tasks are set:to review the evolution of anatomical nomenclature,to compare Englishand Latin one-word and compound anatomical terms according to the diversification of structure of components, to systematize diversification aspects of components of English and Latin terms. The method of theoretical analysis is used to examine scientific literature, the comparative analysis of terms enables systematization and generalization of English andLatin anatomical terms in the resource.