PROJEKTUOJAMOS STATYBOS SKLYPO GEOLOGINIŲ CHARAKTERISTIKŲ TYRIMO REZULTATŲ TAIKYMAS PASTATO PAMATŲ MODELYJE

Abstract

Foundations are an essential element of any building as they take the effects of structural and variable loads and distribute them evenly into the soil, ensuring the stability and durability of the building. Even if soils are visually similar, the mechanical and physical properties can vary considerably between different locations on the same site. To determine these soil properties, IGG boreholes were made. IGG boreholes are boreholes used to determine the engineering geological and hydrogeological structure of the part of the subsurface related to the object of the study, to determine the composition and properties of the soils or rocks, and to take samples of soils, rocks and groundwater [1]. Sandy clay of medium plasticity, sandy clay of low plasticity and dust occur throughout the study area to a depth of 4,7-5,0 m, and the water table aquifer lies at a depth of 2,0 m from the surface. The calculation of the foundation options shall be based on the most heavily loaded structure and on the results of the borehole with the weakest soil characteristics. A shallow foundation transfers all the loads to the subsoil by means of the footing, while a pile foundation transfers part of the loads to the soil at the lateral surface. The material requirements for the shallow foundation are estimated to be 22% higher, while the pile foundation requires more expensive machinery. The bearing capacity reserve of a pile foundation is 1,5 times higher than that of a shallow foundation.